The European Law Institute’s (ELI) Report on Ecocide presents a comprehensive framework for integrating the crime of ecocide into European Union legislation. Recognizing the escalating severity of environmental destruction, the report proposes a Model Directive and a Council Decision to establish ecocide as a prosecutable offense within the EU’s legal system. The Model Directive offers a clear definition of ecocide, delineates the elements constituting the crime, and sets out the legal obligations of Member States to prevent and penalize severe environmental harm. Complementing this, the proposed Council Decision aims to empower the European Public Prosecutor’s Office with the authority to investigate and prosecute ecocide cases, ensuring consistent enforcement across Member States. By introducing these model rules, the ELI seeks to enhance legal mechanisms for environmental protection, promote accountability for large-scale ecological damage, and contribute to global efforts addressing environmental crimes.